|
|
Gender discrimination in the labor market
Križanová, Veronika ; Tomšej, Jakub (advisor) ; Matějka Řehořová, Lucie (referee)
Gender discrimination in the labor market Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the issue of gender discrimination in the labour market. The aim of this thesis was to provide an overview of the current legislation on gender equality, especially in labour relations, and to present the historical development of this legislation. Furthermore, the thesis contains an analysis of the factors that most influence gender discrimination, focuses on individual problem areas and presents what solutions and means of protection are available within the legal system of the Czech Republic. The thesis consists of an introduction, seven chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter, for a comprehensive understanding of the problem, I explain the basic concepts. The following three chapters deal with the legal regulation of the principle of equal treatment and the prohibition of discrimination. I will try to provide an overview of international legislation, EU legislation and legislation in the Czech Republic. The following fifth chapter deals with gender discrimination in the labour market itself and describes the historical development of the position of women in society, an analysis of the problems women face at different stages of the labour process and, last but not least, important decisions of the Czech courts in...
|
|
|
Maternity centre as a tool encouraging women in return to labour market after maternity leave
Čechurová, Lenka ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Zrcková, Alžběta (referee)
Women with small children are considered as one of the risk groups within the labour market. These women still face discrimination when returning to the labour market after finishing the maternity leave, even though there are many social policy and labour market agendas aiming to the higher employment of this social group. This text aims to the new tool of return to the labour market of women finishing the maternity leave -Maternity centre. Maternity centres in the Czech Republic, as an area for meeting of parents and children, were established 20 years ago. Their values and principles of operating have substantially changed during this time. The European processes of integration were among the factors that influenced the values and aims of maternity centres. The first part of this thesis concentrates on the maternity centre as an institution in general. It focuses on the history, values, aims and principles of operating. In the second part of the text a case study of chosen maternity centre (Klub K2) was conducted. This case study introduces the programs of Klub K2 that were created in order to enable women with small children to participate within the labour market. The key aspect of Klub K2 consists of two dimensions of this institution: it focuses on both the childcare and the "women care" and...
|
|
|
Democratic Spain's fight against gender-baseddiscrimination
Bílková, Kateřina ; Menclová, Barbora (advisor) ; Lukešová, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with gender policies adopted in Spain by individual governments in years 1982 - 2018. It analyzes election programs, legislative changes, the emergence of specialized institutions and in some cases the response of Spanish society to these measures. The aim of this work is to record the changes that have occurred in gender policy in Spain after the country's transition to democracy, and especially after the Socialist Party took over the government in 1982 and to find out whether the attitudes of the two main Spanish political parties on this issue differ. The work is divided into four main parts according to individual government periods. These four chapters examine whether the attitude of individual Spanish governments to the issue of women's rights has changed and what each government has emphasized. At the same time, it examines where, on the contrary, it has remained only with populist pre-election promises without the real fulfillment of the set goals. Last but not least, the work also evaluates other societal events and factors which, together with the policies of individual governments, have influenced the position of women in Spanish society on the path to achieving gender equality.
|
|
|
Equality: age and gender (Czechia, Denmark, France, Poland)
Černá, Tereza ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Equality: Age and gender Abstract Diploma thesis addresses age and gender inequalities in Czechia, Denmark, France and Poland, based on Special Eurobarometer 437 and Special Eurobarometer 465. It introduces basic terms connected with inequality in society as well as terms related to gender and age discrimination. The analytical part is focused on different perceptions of age and gender inequality by respondents from four selected countries. The questions are also analysed on base on the respondent's gender and their age group, either 25-34, or 55-64 years. The conclusion of the conducted survey data analysis is, that society in Czechia and Poland inclines towards gender-based prejudices and stereotypes more, than society in Denmark and France, which may be a consequence of stronger emphasis on gender equality in Western European countries. Age discrimination is more often noticed by Czech and French respondents, but it is clear, that respondents from all four countries perceive ageism as very serious and do not see adopted anti- discrimination measures as sufficient. Key words: discrimination, inequality, stereotypes, ageing, ageism, age discrimination, gender discrimination, Czechia, Denmark, France, Poland
|
|
|
Gender roles in Army of Czech republic
KÁRNÍKOVÁ, Jana
The aim of this bachelor thesis is gender role in Czech Army. It is divided to theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part is based on professional literature, where it deals with concepts of gender on basic psychological level, gender roles, gender identity and its theory and gender stereotypes. It deals with equality of men and women in European Union and Czech Republic. It also describes gender discrimination. In the endof theoreical part, it deals with equality of men and women in Czech Army. Practical part is made by qualitatively oriented investigation, which is based on comprehensive interviews with military personal, which brings insight to problematice of gender role and also situation of men and women of Czech Army.
|
|
|
Olympics and Media: Gender Inequalities in Displaying Czech Sportsmen and Sportswomen
Prudnikova, Elizaveta ; Numerato, Dino (advisor) ; Háková, Lucie (referee)
This thesis deals with gender inequalities in media presentation of Czech athletes during Winter Olympic Games 2014 in Sochi. The rationale for conducting research on this topic is the International Olympic Committee's statement that the Olympics in Pyeongchang 2018 were more gender-balanced than before. The paper focuses on the media image of Czech Olympic team that was made by website iSport for the period from 7. 2. 2014 to 23. 2. 2014. The work stems from the assumption of feminist theory that a male athlete plays a dominant role in sports, which can be a source of gender inequalities during big international sports events. Such expressions of gender inequalities are mainly sex sports typing, gender labeling, and the specific addressing, especially of sportswomen. The introductory section describes dynamics of the sport and media relationships and a subsequent connection with the gender. The qualitative content analysis summarizes main theme topics of information notes about Olympic events. Results culminate in a discussion about differences in the representation of Czech sportsmen and sportswomen, which are based mainly on the emphasis on the family relations of women. After that, I outline the possible continuation of the research in order to reveal the influential conditions for the...
|
|
|
Problem of discrimination and equal opportunities in case of gender segregation of the Czech labour market
Linhartová, Michaela ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor) ; Kopecký, Martin (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis deals with discrimination and equal opportunities and focuses especially on gender segregation of the labour market in the Czech Republic. The thesis gradually elaborates gender roles and stereotypes and from that stemming gender discrimination and unequal opportunities. Last, but not least the work also engages with the problem of horizontal and vertical gender segregation and question of gender quotas as one of the possible tools to cope with gender inequality and in particular vertical gender segregation in the Czech Republic. The Bachelor's thesis determines if the introduction of gender quotas for equal representation in leading and decision- making positions of large businesses, as proposed by the European Union, is the right step to solve the situation of gender inequality, respectively the vertical gender segregation in the Czech Republic. The thesis employs empirical-analytical approach together with compilation of literature coming from legal and normative backgrounds, secondary sources, including academic books and articles. Finally, the work brings a collection of critically assessed and proved data on the subject of gender discrimination. Key words: gender roles, gender stereotypes, gender discrimination, equal opportunities, gender segregation, gender quotas
|
|
|
Maternity centre as a tool encouraging women in return to labour market after maternity leave
Čechurová, Lenka ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Zrcková, Alžběta (referee)
Women with small children are considered as one of the risk groups within the labour market. These women still face discrimination when returning to the labour market after finishing the maternity leave, even though there are many social policy and labour market agendas aiming to the higher employment of this social group. This text aims to the new tool of return to the labour market of women finishing the maternity leave -Maternity centre. Maternity centres in the Czech Republic, as an area for meeting of parents and children, were established 20 years ago. Their values and principles of operating have substantially changed during this time. The European processes of integration were among the factors that influenced the values and aims of maternity centres. The first part of this thesis concentrates on the maternity centre as an institution in general. It focuses on the history, values, aims and principles of operating. In the second part of the text a case study of chosen maternity centre (Klub K2) was conducted. This case study introduces the programs of Klub K2 that were created in order to enable women with small children to participate within the labour market. The key aspect of Klub K2 consists of two dimensions of this institution: it focuses on both the childcare and the "women care" and...
|
|
|
Problém pána a správce v teorii diskriminace
Froňková, Pavlína ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Nikolovová, Pavla (referee)
Becker's discrimination theory predicted that the discrimination by employers on competitive markets should cease to exist. However, in past decades, it was shown that discrimination on the labour market is a prevalent phenomenon. In this thesis I analyse what is the impact of agency problem on the theory of discrimination. I show that when an agent (in the thesis called 'agent employer') is deciding whether to employ or not to employ a worker, his motivation is different compared to principal's. The outcome of the analysis is such that under certain assumptions, the agent employer with non-zero taste for discrimination will always choose to discriminate.
|
|
|
(Non-)discrimination against female job applicants for maternity-related reasons: experiment
Bartoš, Vojtěch
In this study we investigate possible discrimination against female job applicants, in the form of a lower probability of being invited for interview in the periods of their career when 1) it is expected they may soon take maternity leave, and 2) their family commitments are considered to limit their working capacity. We carry out a correspondence experiment, in which we construct fictitious profiles for otherwise identical women and men aged either 29 or 41 years, childless or with two children. During the experiment we contact 599 Czech firms, sending them the CVs of the fictitious male and female job applicants. The differences in the level of positive replies received from the firms serve as an indicator of the potential employers' attitudes towards men and women.
|
guest ::
